An Introduction to Logic

by Cohen, Morris R.; Nagel, Ernest

Edition: 2nd

ISBN13: 9780872201453

ISBN10: 0872201457

Format: Hardcover

Pub. Date: 1993-10-01

Publisher(s): Hackett Pub Co Inc

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Editor's Preface
Preface
Editor's Introduction
The Subject Matter of Logic
Logic and the Weight of Evidence	p. 3
Conclusive Evidence or Proof	p. 5
The Nature of Logical Implication	p. 8
Partial Evidence or Probable Inference	p. 13
Is Logic about Words, Thoughts, or Objects?	p. 16
The Use and Application of Logic	p. 21
The Analysis of Propositions
What Is a Proposition?	p. 27
The Traditional Analysis of Propositions	p. 30
Compound, Simple, and General Propositions	p. 44
The Relations Between Propositions
The Possible Logical Relations between Propositions	p. 52
Independent Propositions	p. 56
Equivalent Propositions	p. 57
The Traditional Square of Opposition	p. 65
The Opposition of Propositions in General	p. 68
The Categorical Syllogism
The Definition of Categorical Syllogisms	p. 76
The Enthymeme	p. 78
The Rules or Axioms of Validity	p. 78
The General Theorems of the Syllogism	p. 80
The Figures and Moods of the Syllogism	p. 81
The Special Theorems and Valid Moods of the First Figure	p. 84
The Special Theorems and Valid Moods of the Second Figure	p. 85
The Special Theorems and Valid Moods of the Third Figure	p. 85
The Special Theorems and Valid Moods of the Fourth Figure	p. 86
The Reduction of Syllogisms	p. 87
The Antilogism or Inconsistent Triad	p. 91
The Sorites	p. 94
Hypothetical, Alternative, and Disjunctive Syllogisms
The Hypothetical Syllogism	p. 96
The Alternative Syllogism	p. 100
The Disjunctive Syllogism	p. 101
The Reduction of Mixed Syllogisms	p. 103
Pure Hypothetical and Alternative Syllogisms	p. 103
The Dilemma	p. 105
Generalized or Mathematical Logic
Logic as the Science of Types of Order	p. 110
The Formal Properties of Relations	p. 113
The Logical Properties of Relations in Some Familiar Inferences	p. 115
Symbols: Their Function and Value	p. 117
The Calculus of Classes	p. 121
The Calculus of Propositions	p. 126
The Nature of a Logical or Mathematical System
The Function of Axioms	p. 129
Pure Mathematics - an Illustration	p. 133
Structural Identity or Isomorphism	p. 137
The Equivalence of Axiom Sets	p. 141
The Independence and Consistency of Axioms	p. 143
Mathematical Induction	p. 147
What Generalization Means in Mathematics	p. 148
Probable Inference
The Nature of Probable Inference	p. 151
The Mathematics or Calculus of Probability	p. 158
Interpretations of Probability	p. 164
Some Problems of Logic
The Paradox of Inference	p. 173
Is the Syllogism a Petitio Principii?	p. 177
The Laws of Thought	p. 181
The Basis of Logical Principles in the Nature of Things	p. 185
Appendix - Examples of Demonstration
What Does a Demonstration Establish?	p. 189
Some Fallacious Demonstrations	p. 195
Exercises	p. 200
Bibliography of Works Cited	p. 221
Index of Names	p. 223
Index of Subjects	p. 225
Table of Contents provided by Blackwell. All Rights Reserved.

An Introduction to Logic

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